 |
Seismic Techniques
These techniques are based on studying the traveltimes of seismic waves or their dispersion effects as they pass through a given medium.
The most common applications are rippability studies, layer thickness determination, estimation of elastic moduli of deformation, evolution of mechanical properties after ground treatments, determination of foundations depths… |
 |
Electrical Techniques
Electrical methods are a powerful tool of bi-dimensional and three-dimensional modelling of the subsoil.
They allow the rapid construction of geologic models, identification of faults, monitoring time evolution of contamination plumes, water table levels, saline intrusions, karstic features, and void identifications. |
 |
Georadar
Georadar is one of the most popular tools in shallow geophysical prospection studies.
It is based on emitting an electromagnetic signal towards the ground and registering the echoes produced in the subsurface. It is a very useful tool to locate voids, buried services, pavement auscultation, railroads, concrete slabs, rebar location, etc. |
 |
Gravimetric Techniques
Gravimetry is based on determining variations of the gravity field across the study area.
These subtle changes are produced by density variations associated with different materials present below the surface. It is a tool mostly used to locate cavities, in the mining industry to identify dense mineralizations and geologic studies on regional scale. |
 |
Electromagnetics
Electromagnetic methods are based on the induction of an electromagnetic field in the ground.
They are very useful to quickly generate apparent conductivity maps of large areas and for investigations focused to larger depths in the location of fractures and water-bearing fissures. |
 |
Ultrasonic Techniques
Ultrasonic methods are similar to seismic methods, being the dominant (higher) frequency the main difference.
Seismic methods use dominant frequencies between 0.1 and 100 Hz whereas ultrasonic methods employ frequencies between 1 and 50 kHz. They are often used to analyze concrete structures searching for cracks, voids and for the calculation of the elastic modules. |
 |
Well Testifying
Geophysical well logging offers a wide range of techniques and measuring tools to quantify composition and physical properties of the ground around a well.
The different kind of logging tools available provides a range of parameters that identify the nature of the subsoil. They can identify composition, fluid content, or mechanical behavior. These logs are usually acquired combining different tools, obtaining simultaneously multiple information, e.g. acoustic patterns, electrical conductivity, optical images, fluid flow, deviation of the well, etc. |
 |
Vibrations
The monitoring and analysis of vibrations, quantifies objectively the effects on structures and persons produced by blasting or other construction activities.
These vibrations are induced generally by anthropic activity (rail traffic, blasts, drilling, etc.) and due to the effects of increased public and regulatory pressure it is often necessary a detailed analysis to design mitigation measures. |
|
|
